Schülke, Oliver http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0028-9425
Anzà, Simone http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9498-6621
Crockford, Catherine http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6597-5106
De Moor, Delphine http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-6125
Deschner, Tobias http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9873-316X
Fichtel, Claudia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8346-2168
Gogarten, Jan F. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-4113
Kappeler, Peter M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4801-487X
Manin, Virgile http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-9284
Müller-Klein, Nadine http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-936X
Prox, Lea http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-6859
Sadoughi, Baptiste http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-3318
Touitou, Sonia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-0832
Wittig, Roman M. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-4031
Ostner, Julia http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6871-9976
Funding for this research was provided by:
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Article History
Received: 9 June 2021
Revised: 10 January 2022
Accepted: 13 January 2022
First Online: 22 March 2022
Declarations
:
: Research on chimpanzees and macaques was strictly non-invasive, and all required permits were acquired from the relevant authorities in Ivory Coast (Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research permit Nr. 008/MESRS/DGRI) and Thailand (National Research Council of Thailand, Department of National Parks, Plant and Widllife Conservation permits Nr. permits 0002/470 January 26 2016, 0002/4139 June 9th 2017, 0002/2747 May 4th 2018, 0402/2798 October 4th 2019, 402/4707 October 2nd 2020). Research on Barbary macaques was approved by the animal welfare committee of the German Primate Center (Nr. E9-16). Research on lemurs was conducted in accordance with the German and Malagasy (Commission Tripartite CAFF) legal and ethical requirements of appropriate animal procedures. Research protocols were approved by the Ministère de l’Environnement et des Eaux et Forêts in Madagascar (MINEEF) and the Centre National de Formation, d’Etudes et de Recherche en Environnement et Foresterie (CNFEREF) Morondava (red-fronted lemurs permits No. 201/15/MEEMEF/SG/DGF:DAPT/SCBT and No. 066/15/MEEMEF/SG/DCB:SAP/SCB, sifakas No. 90/16/MEEMF/SG/DGF:DAPT/SCBT.Re, No. 9234/16/MEEMF/SG/DGF:DAPT/SCBT.Re).
: The authors declare no competing interests.