Funding for this research was provided by:
NSERC (CGS M Grant)
NSERC (RGPIN-2015-04334)
National Geographic Society (WW-104ER-17)
Sigma Xia
Animal Behavior Society
American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Chicago Herpetological Society
Article History
Received: 25 November 2023
Revised: 6 February 2024
Accepted: 12 February 2024
First Online: 23 February 2024
Declarations
:
: All applicable national and institutional guidelines for the use of animals were followed.This study was approved by animal ethics committees at Binghamton University (IACUC protocols #817-19 and #874-22) and University of Toronto (LACC protocol #20011469). Research permits were obtained from the Ministry of the Environment and Energy, Costa Rica (SINAC-CUS-PI-R-049-2017, R-SINAC-PNI-ACLAP-022-2019, SINAC-ACC-PI-R-064-2019, R-SINAC-PNI-ACLAP-022-2021, and R-SINAC-PNI-ACLAP-003-2022) and Autorización de Recolección en Parques Nacionales Naturales, Colombia (permit #009 de 2017). Mexican fieldwork was conducted on private property with the permission of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
: The authors declare no competing interests.