Uhlenhopp, Dustin J http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1509-2203
Then, Eric
Barakat, Mohamed
John, Febin
Gayam, Vijay
Sunkara, Tagore
Gaduputi, Vinaya
Article History
Accepted: 19 April 2021
First Online: 13 May 2021
Declarations
:
: No animals were used in this research. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of institutional and/or research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: This study contained de-identified information from a national database. The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) databases are consistent with the definition of limited data sets under the HIPAA Privacy Rule and contain no direct patient identifiers. HCUP Data Use Agreement (DUA) training and a signed DUA are required to use the HCUP databases. As such, individual participant consent is not required. For this type of retrospective database study, formal consent is not required. Institutional Review Board approval is not required for this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.