Kim, Seung-Hyun
Shin, Hyun Jin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-8042
Article History
Received: 30 November 2017
Revised: 16 April 2018
Accepted: 20 April 2018
First Online: 5 May 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
: This clinical study was approved by the Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee at Konkuk University Medical Center (registration number KUH1100040) and registered with the Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea (ExternalRef removed; registration number KCT0002378). The study was conducted according to the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki with written informed patient and parental consents.
: All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
: All patients confirmed as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification I. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (name the institution/committee) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.