Article History
Received: 27 July 2021
Accepted: 19 January 2022
First Online: 22 February 2022
Declarations
:
: All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The collection of calcified and normal aortic valve tissues from all subjects was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital (No.47204658).
: Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.