Okuda, Yusuke
Soohoo, Melissa
Ishikura, Kenji
Tang, Ying
Obi, Yoshitsugu
Laster, Marciana
Rhee, Connie M.
Streja, Elani
Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24 DK091419)
Article History
Received: 16 August 2019
Revised: 9 December 2019
Accepted: 13 December 2019
First Online: 4 February 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of University of California Irvine with waiver of informed consent because the USRDS contains only deidentified information.
: K.K.-Z. has received honoraria and/or support from Abbott, Abbvie, Alexion, Amgen, American Society of Nephrology, Astra-Zeneca, AVEO Oncology, Chugai, DaVita, Fresenius, Genentech, Haymarket Media, Hofstra Medical School, International Federation of Kidney Foundations, International Society of Hemodialysis, International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism, Japanese Society of Dialysis Therapy, Hospira, Kabi, Keryx, Novartis, National Institutes of Health, National Kidney Foundation, OPKO, Pfizer, Relypsa, Resverlogix, Sandoz, Sanofi, Shire, Vifor, UpToDate, and ZSPharma. K.I. has received grants from Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas Pharma, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Fuso Pharmaceutical Industries, JMS, Novartis Pharma and Zenyaku Kogyo; personal fees from Chugai Pharmaceutical, Zenyaku Kogyo, Novartis Pharma and Vifor Pharma and other funding from Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Astellas Pharma, Novartis Pharma and Otsuka Pharmaceutical.