Aftahy, A. Kaywan http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-2220
Barz, Melanie
Wagner, Arthur
Liesche-Starnecker, Friederike
Negwer, Chiara
Meyer, Bernhard
Gempt, Jens
Funding for this research was provided by:
Technische Universität München
Article History
Received: 23 May 2020
Revised: 14 July 2020
Accepted: 17 August 2020
First Online: 27 August 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Jens Gempt (JG) and Bernhard Meyer (BM) work as consultants for Brainlab (Brainlab AG, Feldkirchen).In addition, BM works as a consultant for Medtronic, Spineart, Icotec, Relievant, and Depuy/Synthes. In these firms, BM acts as a member of the advisory board. Furthermore, BM reports a financial relationship with Medtronic, Ulrich Medical, Brainlab, Spineart, Icotec, Relievant, and Depuy/Synthes. He received personal fees and research grants for clinical studies from Medtronic, Ulrich Medical, Brainlab, Icotec, and Relievant. All this happened independently of the submitted work. BM holds the royalties/patent for Spineart. All named potential conflicts of interest are unrelated to this study. There are no further conflicts of interest regarding the other authors.
: The local ethics committee of the Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, approved our study (231/20 S-EB). We conducted it in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments [CitationRef removed].
: The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.
: Not applicable.