Kilp-Kabel, Triinu http://orcid.org/0009-0005-3191-845X
Mädamürk, Kaja http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3875-8250
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tallinn University (TF/6620)
Article History
Received: 13 September 2023
Revised: 5 January 2024
Accepted: 7 February 2024
First Online: 21 February 2024
Declarations
:
: This work was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tallinn University (approval number 5). Parents and students signed an informed consent form to link Grade three results to Grade five results. If at least one did not consent to this, their results were not included in the data. The data itself was given to the research team in an encrypted file by a representative of the Exam Infosystem we have in Estonia without students’ personal details which could lead to their identification. In addition, students and parents were allowed to withdraw consent at any time during the study.