Anger, Fabian http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-8253
Förschler, Marc I. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-2585
Anthes, Nils http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4189-7849
Funding for this research was provided by:
Landesgraduiertenförderung Baden-Württemberg
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Article History
Received: 17 January 2023
Revised: 29 September 2023
Accepted: 10 October 2023
First Online: 8 November 2023
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
: Field work in this study was conducted under permits for the years 2020–2022 issued by the Black Forest National Park and the regional conservation authorities (Regierungspräsidium Freiburg and Karlsruhe, Az 84-8675.12 and Az 55-8841.03; 8853.17). Meadow Pipits in the study area are accustomed to human presence and animal welfare had priority. Nest visits were made as short as possible and none of the parents deserted after nest visits.