Nijman, Vincent http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5600-4276
Abdullah, Abdullah http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0046-0333
Ardiansyah, Ahmad
Campera, Marco http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2643-8329
Chavez, Jessica http://orcid.org/0009-0008-9802-5340
Dewi, Tungga http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2754-7044
Hankinson, Emma http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-8587
Hedger, Katherine http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-1718
Imron, Mohammad Ali http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-7795
Manson, Sophie http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-7400
Morcatty, Thais Q. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3095-7052
Payuse, I Nyoman Aji Duranegara http://orcid.org/0009-0007-1944-5703
Rapone, Brittany C. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2053-2528
Shepherd, Chris R. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2774-7393
Siriwat, Penthai http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-3133
Svensson, Magdalena S. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-0192
Nekaris, K.A.I. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5523-7353
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cleveland Zoo and Zoo Society
Columbus Zoo and Aquarium
Global Challenges Fund
Little Fireface Project
Oxford Brookes University
People’s Trust for Endangered Species
Royal Geographic Society
Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund
Henry Doorly Zoo
Lee Richardson Zoo
Moody Gardens Zoo
Naturzoo Rhein
Paradise Wildlife Park
Sacramento Zoo
Shaldon Wildlife Trust
Mohamed bin al Zayed Species Conservation Fund
Article History
Received: 17 August 2023
Revised: 10 March 2024
Accepted: 25 March 2024
First Online: 17 April 2024
Declarations
:
: This study did not involve any experiments on animals or research involving human participants. In our United Kingdom and Indonesian institutes, we did not require institutional permission for observational research in animals markets; they were, however, added to Oxford Brookes University’s Register of Activities Involving Animals (2016–2023). Informal discussions with traders followed the ethical guidelines proposed by the Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth.
: The authors declare no competing interests.