Littman, Lisa http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4141-0041
O’Malley, Stella
Kerschner, Helena
Bailey, J. Michael
Article History
Received: 17 February 2022
Revised: 24 September 2023
Accepted: 25 September 2023
First Online: 1 December 2023
Conflict of Interest
: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
: This research was approved as exempt by the Brown University Human Research Protection Program (HRPP). The HRPP determined the original research protocol to be exempt from 45 CFR 46 regarding the inclusion of human participants in research. Two modifications were accepted with limited IRB review to determine that there were adequate provisions to protect the privacy of subjects and to maintain the confidentiality of data in accordance with 45 CFR 46.111(a)(7).
: Electronic consent was obtained from all participants included in the study. On the first page of the online survey, participants were informed of the research purpose and potential risks and benefits of participating, that their participation was voluntary, and were presented with contact information for the researcher and for the Brown University’s Human Research Protection Program. The research survey questions were displayed only if the participant clicked “agree” which indicated that the participant read and understood the information, were 18–33 years of age, and agreed to volunteer as a research participant for the study.