Gifford, Elizabeth J.
Eldred, Lindsey M.
Evans, Kelly E.
Sloan, Frank A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Drug Abuse (5R01DA032548-02)
Article History
First Online: 11 April 2016
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.
: This research was approved by the Duke University Institutional Review Board (IRB). All IRB procedures were followed and full approval was obtained. No animals were used in this research.
: Data came from administrative data and therefore informed consent was not feasible. Data linkage occurred through a two-step process whereby individual identifiers were separated from all other information contained in the administrative records. Moreover, data were stored and accessed solely through the Duke University protected data network through a secure protocol.