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First Online: 19 July 2019

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

: Ethics approval was received from the University of Western Australia and Edith Cowan University, the State Department of Education and the Catholic Education office, and schools. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Government schools required written informed parental (opt-in) consent; non-government schools permitted informed opt-out consent from parents for student survey completion.