Yuan, Ian
Georgostathi, Georgia
Zhang, Bingqing
Hodges, Ashley
Kurth, C. Dean
Kirschen, Matthew P.
Huh, Jimmy W.
Topjian, Alexis A.
Lang, Shih-shan
Richter, Adam
Abend, Nicholas S.
Massey, Shavonne L.
Article History
Received: 20 May 2023
Accepted: 19 September 2023
First Online: 18 October 2023
Declarations
:
: (1) Ian Yuan received a research grant and speaker honorarium from Masimo Corp; (2) Matthew Kirschen received NIH funding to his institution; (3) Nicholas Abend received royalty from textbooks. None of the above were related to this study. The other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The Institutional Review Board determined the study was exempt from review.
: All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were approved by and in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (Number: IRB 19-016180) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Not applicable.
: Informed consent was not obtained, as this retrospective study did not involve identifiable patient information and the Institutional Review Board exempted the study from requiring informed consent. “A waiver of HIPAA authorization per 45 CFR 164.512(i)(2)(ii) is granted for accessing identifiable information from the medical records.”