Cadiz, Madonna P. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9665-0352
Santos, Carlos E. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-5471
Tibbe, Tristan D. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0684-8304
Article History
Received: 19 August 2022
Accepted: 29 May 2023
First Online: 16 June 2023
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures involved in this study were reviewed by the university’s institutional review board before being approved.
: Prior to participation in this study, all eligible middle school students and their parents received passive consent forms detailing the aims of the study, including an option to refuse to participate. To accommodate parents of varied monolingual or bilingual levels, consent forms were provided in both Spanish and English. Students also read and completed assent forms before being given the survey.