Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Kansas School of Education & Human Sciences
Article History
Received: 14 July 2023
Accepted: 14 November 2023
First Online: 28 November 2023
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Information regarding informed consent is reported in the PISA 2018 technical report on the OECD website ExternalRef removed.