Salvatori, M.
De Groeve, J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1274-3237
van Loon, E.
De Baets, B.
Morellet, N.
Focardi, S.
Bonnot, N. C.
Gehr, B.
Griggio, M.
Heurich, M.
Kroeschel, M.
Licoppe, A.
Moorcroft, P.
Pedrotti, L.
Signer, J.
Van de Weghe, N.
Cagnacci, F.
Article History
Received: 20 May 2021
Accepted: 27 January 2022
First Online: 1 March 2022
Declarations
:
: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
: Roe and red deer captures and collaring were compliant to national and international welfare regulations, and approved as follows. For red deer populations: SE-Germany (1A): The research program in the Bavarian Forest is managed by the Administration of the Bavarian Forest National Park. Game captures were conducted in accordance with European and German animal welfare laws. The experiment was designed to minimize animal stress and handling time, and to ensure animal welfare, as defined in the guidelines for the ethical use of animals in research. Animal captures and experimental procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Government of Upper Bavaria and fulfils their ethical requirements for research on wild animals (Reference number 55.2-1-54-2531-82-10); N-Italy (2A): Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio marked animals according to standard protocols approved by the National Wildlife Institutes (Istituto superiore per la Protezione e Ricerca Ambientale, ISPRA); SW-Belgium (3A) and SE-Belgium (4A): Capture and GPS-collaring of wild game complied with the Regional law of Wallonia (M.B. 14.07.2011); N-Germany (5A): GPS collaring complied with German laws on animal welfare and were approved by the veterinary bureau of the corresponding counties. For roe deer populations: SE-Germany (1B): Same statement as for the red deer population 1A; N-Italy (2B): animal handling practice, such as captures and collar marking, complied with the Italian laws on animal welfare and has been approved by the Wildlife Committee of the Autonomous Province of Trento, 09/2004S; Switzerland (3B): The animal capture and handling protocols were authorized by the cantonal veterinary and animal welfare services with permit number BE75/11; SW-France (4B): prefectural order from the Toulouse Administrative Authority to capture and monitor wild roe deer and agreement no. A31113001 approved by the Departmental Authority of Population Protection; SW-Germany (5B): The animal capture and handling protocols were authorized by the animal welfare and hunting administration of the federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany (RP Freiburg; G-09/53).
: All authors consented to participate in this work.
: All authors consented to publish this work.