Junker, Nina M. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9446-9413
van Dick, Rolf
Article History
First Online: 19 August 2019
Compliance with Ethical Standards
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: An ethics approval was not deemed necessary for the present studies based on the authors’ institution’s ethical approval guidelines. The study design and all steps followed the standard procedure and APA guidelines. All participants in Studies 1–3 were fully aware of all the study details at any time. Participants in all studies were not deceived and they knew that they could quit their participation at any time. Participation was completely voluntary and anonymous. No personal information such as names was obtained at any stage of the studies. Email-addresses were collected in Study 3 to invite participants to the second questionnaire. However, the email addresses were collected and saved in a separate questionnaire. Therefore, no links between data and email addresses could be made. Participants were not put under any stress at any time. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in Studies 1–3.