Soffin, Ellen M.
Beckman, James D.
Beathe, Jonathan C.
Girardi, Federico P.
Liguori, Gregory A.
Liu, Jiabin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1029-2786
Article History
Received: 8 February 2019
Accepted: 28 June 2019
First Online: 19 August 2019
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: Ellen M. Soffin, MD, PhD, James D. Beckman, MD, Jonathan C. Beathe, MD, Gregory A. Liguori, MD, and Jiabin Liu, MD, PhD, declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Federico P. Girardi, MD, reports royalties from Lanx, Inc., Depuy Synthes Spine, Nuvasive, Inc., and Ortho Development Corp.; fees as a consultant from Ortho Development Corp., Spineart USA, Nuvasive, Inc., Depuy Synthes Spine, Lanx, Inc., and EIT Emerging Implant Technologies; ownership interest in Healthpoint Capital Partners, Paradigm Spine, LLC, Centinel Spine, Inc., Spinal Kinetics, Inc., and Liventa Bioscience; and other personal fees from Aesculap, MiMedx Group, Inc., and Nuvasive, Inc., outside the submitted work.
: All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013.
: Informed consent was waived from all patients for being included in this study.
: Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the online version of this article.