Kessler, Judd B.
Troxel, Andrea B.
Asch, David A.
Mehta, Shivan J.
Marcus, Noora
Lim, Raymond
Zhu, Jingsan
Shrank, William
Brennan, Troyen
Volpp, Kevin G.
Article History
Received: 28 June 2017
Revised: 3 January 2018
Accepted: 15 February 2018
First Online: 15 March 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Pennsylvania and registered onExternalRef removed(NCT01890018).
: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Drs. Asch and Volpp are principals at the behavioral economics consulting firm VAL Health. Dr. Troxel serves on the scientific advisory board of VAL Health. Dr. Volpp has received consulting income from CVS Caremark and research funding from Humana, CVS Caremark, Discovery/Vitality (South Africa insurer and health incentives company, not the manufacturer of Vitality Glowcaps), Hawaii Medical Services Association, Weight Watchers, and Merck. Dr. Shrank is employed and salaried by UPMC Health Plan. Dr. Brennan is employed and salaried by CVS Health Corporation. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, June 28, 2016.