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Article History

Received: 11 December 2018

Revised: 16 July 2019

Accepted: 18 September 2019

First Online: 10 December 2019

Compliance with Ethical Standards

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: CK is a member of MEZIS, the German “No free lunch”-association. ND, JW, NDe, EG, SW, MS, and FB have nothing to disclose. KL declares that he did not receive any personal honoraria since 2008 for advisory board activities, CME activities, talks, or other activities from pharmaceutical companies or medical device manufacturers. For conducting drug research within his clinical study center, several co-workers of his clinic received grants during the last 3 years from Roche Pharma, Hoffmann La Roche, D&A Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Pfizer Pharma GmbH, and Janssen-Cilag GmbH (deposited at third-party accounts of the clinic). He has been a member of MEZIS e.V. since 2007, and since 2014, he is the chairman of the Committee of Experts for Transparency and Independence of the German Medical Association. He receives honoraria from the Academy for Medical Advanced Training of Rhineland-Palatinate for conducting CME courses in psychiatry and psychotherapy and is the director of LIBERMED, which offers CME courses in various medical disciplines that are independent from the pharmaceutical industry. JJ has nothing to disclose.