La Rosa, Giusy http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5127-5299
Vernooij, Robin http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5734-4566
Qureshi, Maria http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7760-2451
Polosa, Riccardo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8450-5721
O’Leary, Renée http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7412-045X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Foundation for a Smoke-Free World
Università di Catania (Bando No 1355 2020 Borsa di Ricerca, Bando No 1355 2020 Borsa di Ricerca, Bando No 1355 2020 Borsa di Ricerca)
Article History
Received: 30 September 2022
Accepted: 20 November 2022
First Online: 7 January 2023
Declarations
:
: RP is full tenured professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Catania (Italy) and Medical Director of the Institute for Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology at the same University. He has received grants from U-BIOPRED and AIR-PROM, Integral Rheumatology & Immunology Specialists Network (IRIS), Founda- tion for a Smoke Free World, Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, CV Therapeu- tics, NeuroSearch A/S, Sandoz, Merk Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Arbi Group Srl., Duska Therapeutics, Forest Laboratories and Ministero dell Universita’ e della Ricerca (MUR) Bando PNRR 3277/2021, CUP E63C22000900006, funded by NextGenerationEU, the European Union (EU) economic recovery package. He is founder of the Center for Tobacco Prevention and Treatment (CPCT) at the University of Catania and of the Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction at the same university. He receives consultancy fees from Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Duska Therapeutics, Forest Laboratories, CV Therapeutics, and Sermo Inc. He is being paid textbook royalties from Elsevier. He is also involved in a patent application for ECLAT Srl. He is a pro bono scientific advisor for Lega Italiana Anti Fumo (LIAF) and the International Network of Nicotine Consumers Organizations (INNCO); and he is Chair of the European Technical Committee for Standardization on “Requirements and test methods for emissions of electronic cigarettes” (CEN/TC 437; WG4).
: Not applicable.
: Consent for data collection was obtained during enrollment in the original studies.
: This systematic review does not contain studies conducted by the authors.
: Data extraction forms, the JBI forms, Bias assessment forms, and Data discrepancy reports are available at Zenodo ExternalRef removed.