Zakaria, Norhayati http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3970-1694
Yusuf, Bibi Noraini Mohd
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2016/SS03/UUM/02/3)
The University of Wollongong
Article History
Accepted: 18 January 2022
First Online: 5 April 2022
Declarations
:
: Compliance with ethical principles in human research is fundamental to ensure objectivity and transparency in research and to ensure that accepted principles of ethical and professional conduct have been followed. Unfortunately, at the university where the research was granted, there is no specific ethics review system for ethical approval, and similar to other non-developed countries, there is nominally a system in place, and in reality, the mechanism is purely administrative not ethical (COPE, 2003). However, despite the lack of a formal system in place and to ensure that the current study adheres to ethical principles, all authors signed the consent form.Footnote removed
: On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.