Siali, Christina
Niinimäki, Sirpa
Harvati, Katerina
Karakostis, Fotios Alexandros
Funding for this research was provided by:
A.G. Leventis Foundation
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
European Research Council (756431)
Academy of Finland (285774)
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Article History
Received: 2 August 2023
Accepted: 23 November 2023
First Online: 29 December 2023
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: To ensure objectivity, transparency, and the adherence to ethical and professional principles in our research, we provide the following information regarding funding sources, potential conflicts of interest, and animal welfare. The statements presented below outline our commitment to maintaining ethical standards throughout the research process.
: The primary sample originates from the Biodiversity Unit at the University of Oulu. The skeletal remains were obtained from reindeer that were not subjected to experimental processes or were interacted with during their lifetimes. No harm befell animals for the purposes of this study. The assemblage was accumulated through prior projects under the ERC Starting Grant 756431 and Academy of Finland projects 285774 and 308322. Research findings were published in various publication venues, including the Journal of Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. The Biodiversity Unit at the University of Oulu is officially responsible for studying and curating this material following established ethical guidelines and has granted approval for its use in this study. The secondary sample originates from the State Collection of Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy (SNSB) in Munich, Germany. These remains also originate from reindeer that were not engaged in experimental processes or were interacted with during their lifetimes. No harm came to the animals for the purposes of this study. The SNSB is officially responsible for the material's study and curation following established ethical guidelines and has provided approval for its utilization.