Lempke, Landon B.
Walton, Samuel R.
Brett, Benjamin L.
Chandran, Avinash
DeFreese, J. D.
Mannix, Rebekah
Echemendia, Ruben J.
McCrea, Michael A.
Guskiewicz, Kevin M.
Meehan, William P. III
Kerr, Zachary Yukio http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-1259
Funding for this research was provided by:
NFL Foundation
Article History
Accepted: 3 November 2022
First Online: 7 December 2022
Declarations
:
: All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Specific author contributions are as follows: LBL: established research hypotheses, planned analyses of the data, interpretation of study findings, manuscript preparation and revision, final approval of the submitted manuscript. SRW, BLB, AC, and ZYK: creation and distribution of the study survey, management of study database, established research hypotheses, planned analyses of the data, interpretation of study findings, manuscript preparation and revision, final approval of the submitted manuscript. JDD, RCM, RJE, MAM, KMG, and WPM III: creation and distribution of the study survey, interpretation of study findings, manuscript preparation and revision, final approval of the submitted manuscript. Other contributors to the project are as follows (included in acknowledgements): Candice Goerger, Project Administrator: Assisted in the creation and distribution of the survey instrument as well as collection and management of the survey responses. Additionally, she was responsible for overseeing the project administration and execution. Hope Campbell, Project Coordinator (Medical College of Wisconsin): Assisted in the creation and distribution of the survey instrument as well as collection and management of the survey responses. Additionally, she assisted with oversight of the project administration and execution. Caprice Hunt, Project Coordinator (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill): Assisted in the creation and distribution of the survey, oversight of the project administration, and execution of the study.
: The parent study from which these data were drawn (NFL-LONG) was funded by the National Football League (NFL) as awarded to Drs. Meehan (PI) McCrea (Co-PI) and Guskiewicz (Co-PI). The sponsor provided no input into the present study, data analyses, or preparation of this article.
: For complete transparency, the authors report the following potential conflicts of interest. Dr. Lempke reports current or prior support from the National Athletic Trainers’ Association, Southeast Athletic Trainers’ Association, Eastern Athletic Trainers’ Association, and the American College of Sport Medicine. Dr. Brett acknowledges support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)—National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (award number L30 NS113158-02) and the National Institute on Aging (award number K23AG073528-01). Dr. Chandran receives funding from the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) as Director of the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program, and acknowledges funding from the Atlantic Coast Conference. Dr. DeFreese acknowledges support from the Atlantic Coast Conference and the Association for Applied Sport Psychology. Dr. Echemendia is (1) a paid consultant for the National Hockey League (NHL) and co-chair of the NHL/NHL Player’s Association Concussion Subcommittee, (2) a paid consultant for Major League Soccer (MLS), the US Soccer Federation, and Princeton University Athletic Medicine, and (3) occasionally provides expert testimony in matters related to mild traumatic brain injury and sports concussion. Dr. McCrea reports grants from NIH, Veterans Affairs, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Abbott Laboratories, Department of Defense (DoD), and NCAA outside the submitted work. Dr. Mannix acknowledges support from the NIH—National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (U01NS096835), The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NS115942-01A1), the DoD (W81XWH1920011), and Abbott Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Meehan receives royalties from (1) ABC-Clio publishing for the sale of his books, Kids, Sports, and Concussion: A guide for coaches and parents, and Concussions; (2) Springer International for the book Head and Neck Injuries in Young Athletes, and (3) Wolters Kluwer for working as an author for UpToDate. His research is funded, in part, by philanthropic support from the National Hockey League Alumni Association through the Corey C. Griffin Pro-Am Tournament and a grant from the National Football League. Dr. Kerr reports support from CDC, DoD, and NIH. All authors declare no other potential conflicts of interest.
: The dataset is not available for public sharing or upon individual’s reasonable requests due to privacy and sharing restrictions from the IRB.
: The study was performed in accordance with the standards of ethics outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: All study procedures were reviewed and approved by the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill’s IRB, as well the local IRB at each of the performance sites. Completion of the questionnaire after the introductory paragraph implied consent.
: Not applicable.