Tan, Jingwen http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-6911
Bae, Sunjae
Segal, Jodi B.
Zhu, Junya
Segev, Dorry L.
Alexander, G. Caleb
McAdams-DeMarco, Mara
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL007024)
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (Epidemiology Department Dissertation Grant)
National Institute on Aging (K24AG049036, P30AG021334, K01AG043501)
American Society of Nephrology (Carl W. Gottschalk Research Scholar Grant)
Johns Hopkins University (Claude D Pepper Older Americans Independence Center)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24DK101828)
Article History
Received: 18 September 2016
Accepted: 29 December 2016
First Online: 24 January 2017
Compliance with Ethical Standards
:
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: G. Caleb Alexander is Chair of the FDA’s Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee; serves as a paid consultant to PainNavigator, a mobile startup to improve patients’ pain management; serves as a paid consultant to IMS Health; and serves on an IMS Health scientific advisory board. This arrangement has been reviewed and approved by Johns Hopkins University in accordance with its conflict of interest policies.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: For this type of retrospective study using anonymous registry data, formal consent is not required.