Zhao, Ying http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2563-7211
Zhang, Jingru
Zheng, Kai
Thai, Sydney
Simpson, Ross J. Jr.
Kinlaw, Alan C.
Xu, Yang
Wei, Jingkai
Cui, Xiangli
Buse, John B
Stürmer, Til
Wang, Tiansheng
Article History
Accepted: 12 March 2022
First Online: 6 April 2022
Declarations
:
: No sources of funding were used to conduct this study or prepare this manuscript.
: J.B.B. has received consulting fees and travel support for contracted activities, paid to the University of North Carolina (UNC), by Adocia, AstraZeneca, Dance Biopharm, Dexcom, Eli Lilly, Fractyl, GI Dynamics, Intarcia Therapeutics, Lexicon, MannKind, Metavention, NovaTarg, Novo Nordisk, Orexigen, PhaseBio, Sanofi, Senseonics, vTv Therapeutics, and Zafgen; has received grant support from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Intarcia Therapeutics, Johnson & Johnson, Lexicon, Medtronic, NovaTarg, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Theracos, Tolerion, and vTv Therapeutics; is a consultant to Cirius Therapeutics Inc, CSL Behring, Mellitus Health, Neurimmune AG, Pendulum Therapeutics, and Stability Health; holds stock/options in Mellitus Health, Pendulum Therapeutics, PhaseBio, and Stability Health; and is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; UL1TR002489, U01DK098246, UC4DK108612, U54DK118612, P30DK124723), the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, and ADA. T.S. has received investigator-initiated research funding and support from the National Institute on Aging as a principal investigator (R01 AG056479) and from the NIH as co-investigator (R01 CA174453, R01 HL118255, and R21-HD080214); has received salary support as co-director of the Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Research Design (BERD), North Carolina Translational and Clinical Sciences Institute (UL1TR002489) and from the Center for Pharmacoepidemiology (current members are GlaxoSmithKline, UCB BioSciences, Merck, and Takeda); has received research support from Amgen, AstraZeneca, and Novo Nordisk to the Department of Epidemiology, UNC; and owns stock in Novartis, Roche, BASF, AstraZeneca, and Novo Nordisk. T.S. does not accept personal compensation of any kind from any pharmaceutical company. Ying Zhao, Jingru Zhang, Kai Zheng, Sydney Thai, Ross J Simpson Jr, Alan C. Kinlaw, Yang Xu, Jingkai Wei, Xiangli Cui, and Tiansheng Wang have no conflicts of interest that are directly relevant to the content of this article.
: This research does not involve human subjects. It is not required to obtain institutional review board approval.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: Data are available upon reasonable request.
: SAS codes are available upon reasonable request.
: YZ and KZ wrote the first draft of the manuscript. JZ did the statistical analysis. TW oversaw and supported programing. LZ prepared the data. YZ, JZ, KZ, TW, RJSJ, ST, JBB and TS were involved in data review and interpretation. All authors contributed to critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and approved the final version of the manuscript. TW, KZ, YZ, and JZ designed the study. YZ and KZ developed the protocol. JZ, YZ, and TW are the guarantors of this work and, as such, had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
: Not applicable as the data are publicly available from FAERS.