White, Helene R.
Conway, Fiona N.
Buckman, Jennifer F.
Loeber, Rolf
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA034608, DA011018)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH079920)
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (86-JN-CX-0009)
Pennsylvania Department of Health (SAP 4100043365)
Pew Charitable Trusts
Article History
Received: 1 November 2016
Revised: 30 October 2017
Accepted: 7 December 2017
First Online: 28 December 2017
Compliance with Ethical Standards
: Caretaker consent and child assent were obtained prior to conducting the interviews until the young men turned 18. After that, consent was obtained from the men. All study procedures were approved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board.