Lovato, Zachary R.
Deckey, David G. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-5001
Chung, Andrew S.
Crandall, Dennis G.
Revella, Jan
Chang, Michael S.
Article History
Received: 6 January 2020
Accepted: 13 July 2020
First Online: 21 July 2020
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: MSC reports consulting fees from Orthofix, Stryker, Depuy, SpineWave, and BK; DGC reports royalties from Spinewave and Medtronic, stock ownership in Handel, and consulting fees from U&I and SpineWave; all other others have no relevant financial disclosures.
: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Sonoran Spine Center and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. IRB approval was granted at Sonoran Spine Research and Education Foundation.
: Informed consent was obtained from patients prior to inclusion in this study.