Li, Ying http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-5926
,
Swallow, Jennylee
Gagnier, Joel
Cahill, Patrick J.
Sponseller, Paul D.
Garg, Sumeet
Thompson, George H.
Ramo, Brandon A.
Article History
Received: 10 June 2020
Accepted: 8 December 2020
First Online: 8 February 2021
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: Dr. Li has received a research grant and non-financial support from the Scoliosis Research Society. Dr. Cahill has received a research grant from the Pediatric Spine Study Group and has received personal fees from NuVasive. Dr. Sponseller has received a grant from Depuy Synthes/Johnson and Johnson, and has received personal fees from Depuy Synthes/Johnson and Johnson, Globus, and OrthoPediatrics. Dr. Garg has received grants from the Scoliosis Research Society and the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, and has received personal fees from Medtronic, NuVasive, and ACI Clinical. Dr. Thompson has received personal fees from Shriners Hospitals for Children and Wolters Kluwer, personal fees and non-financial support from Broadwater, personal fees and royalties from OrthoPediatrics, and non-financial support from NuVasive and the Scoliosis Research Society. The Pediatric Spine Study Group has received research grants from the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, Food and Drug Administration, Depuy Synthes/Johnson and Johnson, NuVasive, Children’s Spine Foundation, and Growing Spine Foundation. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: IRB approval, University of Michigan, HUM 00082789, 1/7/14.
: Informed consent to participate in this study was obtained from the parent or legal guardian of all participants.
: Not applicable.