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Authors
O’Neill, Nora P. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9263-0373
Miller, Patricia E.
Hresko, Michael T.
Emans, John B.
Karlin, Lawrence I.
Hedequist, Daniel J.
Snyder, Brian D.
Smith, Edward R.
Proctor, Mark R.
Glotzbecker, Michael P.
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Article History
Received: 24 April 2020
Accepted: 2 January 2021
First Online: 20 January 2021
Compliance with ethical standards
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: Dr. Hresko reports other from Pediatric Orthopedics Society of NA, other from Medtronics, other from Nuvasive, other from Apifix, outside the submitted work. Dr. Emans reports other from Synthes/ DePuy/Johnson and Johnson, other from Zimmer/Biomet, outside the submitted work. Dr. Snyder reports other from AAOS, other from Orthopaedic Research Society, non-financial support from Orthopediatrics, other from Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America, other from Scoliosis Research Society, outside the submitted work. Dr. Glotzbecker reports personal fees and other from nuvasive, other from medtronic, other from Depuy/synthes, other from Zimmer Biomet, other from orthobullets, other from PSSG, HSG, outside the submitted work. All other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: This study was deemed a retrospective study by the IRB, and thus, informed consent was waived.
: IRB Approval: IRB-P00023640.
