Li, Ying http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-5926
Swallow, Jennylee
Gagnier, Joel
Smith, John T.
Murphy, Robert F.
Sponseller, Paul D.
Cahill, Patrick J.
,
Article History
Received: 11 September 2021
Accepted: 9 January 2022
First Online: 23 January 2022
Declarations
:
: Dr. Li has received a research grant from the Scoliosis Research Society, personal fees from Medtronic, and non-financial support from Zimmer. Dr. Smith has received royalties from Globus and personal fees from Stryker. Dr. Murphy has received personal fees from Globus Medical. Dr. Sponseller has received personal fees from Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Depuy Synthes Spine, Globus, and OrthoPediatrics. Dr. Cahill has received research grants from the Setting Scoliosis Straight Foundation and the Children’s Spine Study Group, and has received personal fees from Biogen and NuVasive. The Pediatric Spine Study Group has received research grants from Depuy Synthes Spine, NuVasive, Zimmer Biomet, OrthoPediatrics, Medtronic, Globus Medical, Stryker, and the Pediatric Spine Foundation. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: IRB approval, University of Michigan, HUM 00082789, 1/7/14.
: Informed consent to participate in this study was obtained from the parent or legal guardian of all participants.
: Not applicable.