Shimizu, Toshiyuki
Yagi, Mitsuru http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2324-3780
Suzuki, Satoshi
Takahashi, Yohei
Ozaki, Masahiro
Tsuji, Osahiko
Nagoshi, Narihito
Yato, Yoshiyuki
Matsumoto, Morio
Nakamura, Masaya
Watanabe, Kota
,
Article History
Received: 16 August 2023
Accepted: 14 October 2023
First Online: 18 November 2023
Declarations
:
: Tomohisa Tabata, Satoshi Suzuki, Yohei Takahashi, Masahiro Ozaki, Osahiko Tsuji, Narihito Nagoshi, Masaya Nakamura, and Kowa Watanabe have no conflicts of interest. Mitsuru Yagi reports receiving grants from Medtronic and DePuy Synthes that are outside the scope of the submitted work. Morio Matsumoto reports receiving grants from Medtronic and NuVasive that are outside the scope of the submitted work.
: This study was approved by the appropriate institutional review board. The study approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Keio University School of Medicine. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in this study.