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Authors
Qiu, Dongwei
Liu, Tiancheng
Wang, Ji
Wan, Shanshan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Postgraduate Education and Teaching Quality Improvement Project of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (J2023002)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (61902016)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (61902016)
Graduate Student Innovation Projects of Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture (PG2024121)
Education and Teaching Research Project of China Construction Education Association (2023007)
Beijing Education Science 14th Five Year Plan Project (CDDB24252)
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Article History
Received: 6 November 2024
Accepted: 20 June 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
