Hou, Tianyu
Li, Yuman
Hu, Di
Shi, Jun
Lü, Guonian
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42271423)
the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, China (2023VGE04)
Article History
Received: 2 May 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 20 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.