Cao, Shiyuan
Mu, Dazhong
Zhang, Yang
Yan, Xiaoyue
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Disciplinary Construction and Postgraduate Education Project of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication (No. 21090324012)
the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Plan Project (No. Z241100007624008)
Article History
Received: 12 October 2025
Accepted: 4 February 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.