Stein, Michael J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-1751
Weber, Andrea
Bamberg, Fabian
Baurecht, Hansjörg https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9265-5594
Berger, Klaus
Bohmann, Patricia
Brenner, Hermann https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-1572
Brummer, Julian
Dörr, Marcus
Fischer, Beate
Gastell, Sylvia
Greiser, Karin Halina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3213-8285
Harth, Volker
Hebestreit, Antje https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-5958
Heise, Jana-Kristin
Herbolsheimer, Florian
Ittermann, Till
Karch, André
Keil, Thomas
Kluttig, Alexander
Krist, Lilian
Michels, Karin B.
Mikolajczyk, Rafael
Nauck, Matthias https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6678-7964
Nimptsch, Katharina
Obi, Nadia
Pischon, Tobias https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-767X
Pivovarova-Ramich, Olga
Schikowski, Tamara
Schmidt, Börge
Schulze, Matthias B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0830-5277
Steindorf, Karen
Zylla, Stephanie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-4407
Leitzmann, Michael F.
Article History
Received: 6 November 2024
Revised: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 14 January 2025
First Online: 24 January 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The NAKO obtained ethics approval from all local committees of the study centers (original ethics approval of the leading ethics committee of the Bayerische Landesaerztekammer with protocol code 13023). All participants provided written informed consent. This study was conducted in line with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guideline for cross-sectional studies.