Kachmar, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8959-6565
Corpodean, Florina
Popiv, Iryna
LaPenna, Kyle B.
Danos, Denise M.
Cook, Michael W.
Saunders, Brian A.
Domercant, Jean J.
Albaugh, Vance L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5267-8951
Schauer, Philip R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4029-7537
Article History
Received: 23 November 2024
Revised: 10 April 2025
Accepted: 24 April 2025
First Online: 2 June 2025
Competing interests
: Dr. Cook has served as consultant for Asensus Surgical, Intuitive Surgical, Vicarious Surgical. Dr. Schauer reports receiving research grants from Ethicon and Medtronic; receiving personal consulting fees or honoraria from GI Dynamics; Keyron; Persona; Mediflix, Metabolic Health International, LTD, Lilly, Heron, Novo Nordisk, Klens; serving on scientific advisory boards for SE Healthcare Board of Directors; GI Dynamics ; Keyron; Persona; Mediflix, and having ownership interest in SE Healthcare LLC, Mediflix, Metabolic Health International, LTD. Dr. Albaugh reports receiving research grants from Ethicon, as well as consulting fees from Novo Nordisk. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.