Wang, Nana
Wang, Tianrun
Jia, Xiaocan
Fan, Zhixing
Yang, Chaojun
Wang, Yuping
Fan, Jingwen
Zhao, Chenyu
Niu, Yali
Yang, Yongli
Shi, Xuezhong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1694-1011
Article History
Received: 22 December 2024
Revised: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 18 June 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All participants in UK biobank received written informed consent and ethical approval from the North West Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee. The resource application number for this study is 170605. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and all methods were performed in accordance with the UK Biobank Ethics and Governance Framework.