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A Bayesian life-course linear structural equations model (BLSEM) to explore the development of body mass index (BMI) from the prenatal stage until middle age

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-025-01857-8

Published Online: 2025-08-20

Published Print: 2025-10

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Tzala, Evangelia

Banterle, Marco

Karhunen, Ville https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6064-1588
Bond, Tom A.

Tolvanen, Mimmi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-8164
Kaakinen, Marika https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9228-0462
Sebert, Sylvain https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6681-6983
Lewin, Alex https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0081-7582
Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-0630
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-08-20

Version of Record valid from 2025-08-20
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Article History

Received: 15 August 2024

Revised: 23 June 2025

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 20 August 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study was approved by the University of Oulu Ethics Committee and the Ethics Committee of the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District. All participants gave written informed consent for medical research. All activities were performed in compliance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and the (GDPR).

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