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Authors
Bartsch, Eva M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6051-7613
Clifford, Sierra https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0658-4986
Davis, Mary C.
Doane, Leah D.
Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn
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Article History
Received: 23 January 2025
Revised: 23 May 2025
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 14 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Arizona State University Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for all study phases prior to data collection for each phase of this study (IRB# STUDY00000637- Children’s Sleep and Health and STUDY00004309- Children’s Pain). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations provided by the IRB. Written informed consent was provided by the participants’ primary caregivers, and verbal assent was given by twin children prior to assessments at each wave of data collection.
