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Authors
Lung, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9978-6311
Hayes, Alison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8679-6040
Wen, Li Ming https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1381-4022
Xu, Huilan
Brown, Vicki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2891-9476
Baur, Louise A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4521-9482
Phongsavan, Philayrath
Killedar, Anagha https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2363-8827
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Article History
Received: 26 February 2025
Revised: 7 August 2025
Accepted: 28 August 2025
First Online: 6 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The trial was granted ethics approval by the Ethics Review Committee of Sydney Local Health District (Protocol No. X16–0360 & LNR/16/RPAH/495 and Protocol No X18–0387 & HREC/18/RPAH/545). Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. The original RCT is registered with the Australian Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12618001571268). This article used unit record data from Growing Up in Australia, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). Informed consent was obtained from all participants of LSAC, to use their data to further the understanding of child and adolescent development and wellbeing.
