Töpfer, Philipp https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0041-6538
Klinger-König, Johanna
Siewert-Markus, Ulrike
Schipf, Sabine
Fischer, Beate
Sedlmeier, Anja M.
Hebestreit, Antje https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-5958
Ahrens, Wolfgang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-570X
Berger, Klaus
Brenner, Hermann https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6129-1572
Do, Stefanie
Heise, Jana-Kristin
Jaskulski, Stefanie
Karch, André
Keil, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9108-3360
Klett-Tammen, Carolina
Leitzmann, Michael F.
Peters, Annette https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6645-0985
Schmidt, Börge
Schulze, Matthias B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0830-5277
Willich, Stefan N.
Dörr, Marcus
Völzke, Henry
Markus, Marcello R. P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-4955
Stracke, Sylvia
Grabe, Hans J.
Ittermann, Till
Article History
Received: 30 January 2025
Revised: 19 August 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 6 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008. The NAKO obtained ethics approval from all local committees of the study centers. All participants provided written informed consent.