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Authors
Park, Hye Won https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2669-3621
Kim, Tae-Eun
Park, Sanghyun
Kim, Yoo Jinie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2383-4038
Shin, Jinyoung https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-1853
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Revised: 1 October 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 15 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Konkuk University Medical Center (IRB No. 2023-10-023). As this study utilized anonymized secondary data from the National Health Insurance Service database, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee. No identifiable images or personal data of participants are included in this publication.
