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Authors
Schumacher, Leah M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-4659
Wu, Yin
Thomas, J. Graham
Baillot, Aurélie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-0481
Papasavas, Pavlos K.
Vithiananthan, Sivamainthan
Jones, Daniel B.
Webster, Jennifer
Bond, Dale S.
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Article History
Received: 1 May 2025
Revised: 22 October 2025
Accepted: 27 November 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Competing interests
: LMS reports funding from the National Institutes of Health and editorial board membership for Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases. JGT reports grant funding from the National Institutes of Health, consulting fees from Medifast Inc. and Lummé Health, Inc., and stock options for Lummé Health, Inc. AB reports Salary Awards from the Fonds du recherche en santé du Québec. PP reports consulting fees from Medtronic and Boehringer and leadership or fiduciary roles in the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (Clinical Issues Committee, Research Committee) and The Obesity Society (Bariatric Surgery and Devices Section). SV reports five planned, issued or pending patents related to intestinal flow or obesity treatment. DBJ reports editorial board membership for Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases and stock in Allurion. DB reports grand funding from the National Institutes of Health and being an associate editor for Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases and Obesity Surgery. YW and JW report no potential conflicts of interest.
