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Prenatal melamine, aromatic amine, and psychosocial stress exposures and their association with gestational diabetes mellitus in a San Francisco pregnancy cohort

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-025-00787-x

Published Online: 2025-06-30

Published Print: 2025-11

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Lasher, Emily https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2366-7468
Trowbridge, Jessica

Gemmill, Alison

Morello-Frosch, Rachel

DeMicco, Erin

Kannan, Kurunthachalam

Buckley, Jessie P.

Woodruff, Tracey J.
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-06-30

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Article History

Received: 14 January 2025

Revised: 29 May 2025

Accepted: 4 June 2025

First Online: 30 June 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at the University of California, San Francisco (#13-12160) and the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (#00027713). All participants provided written informed consent. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.

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