Article History
Received: 23 May 2025
Revised: 29 October 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Seoul National University determined that the personal exposure data used in this study was measured for ten pre-determined activity patterns and does not include any information of subjects, and does not meet the definition of human subjects research under 45 CFR part 46, and consequently, this study does not require IRB approval.