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Cadmium exposure is associated with overexpression of the metallothionein gene and heightened urinary deoxy-guanosine and protein carbonylation status in an exposed population of West Bengal, India

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-026-00896-1

Published Online: 2026-04-18

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Ghosh, Sonali

Mukherjee, Ruchira

Mandal, Sweta

Sinha, Dwaipayan

Chanda, Sarmishtha

Syamal, Alak Kumar
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-04-18

Version of Record valid from 2026-04-18
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Article History

Received: 5 March 2025

Revised: 5 April 2026

Accepted: 8 April 2026

First Online: 18 April 2026

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Ethical approval was taken from the Rammohan College Human Ethical Committee (No: REC/ENV005/0021, dated 09/12/2021) as well as the Kalyani University Human Ethical Committee (No: 139H-Phy-2019, dated 19/11/2021), which are designed and framed according to the Helsinki Declaration. Research meets ethical guidelines.

: All of the study subjects from Cd-exposed as well as unexposed counterparts have given their written informed consent before drawing their blood, taking urine samples and food samples. A representative copy of written informed consent in English and Bengali is uploaded as supplementary materials.

: Written informed consent was taken from all the study subjects before drawing their blood and taking their urine samples. All of the study subjects have given their consent for the publication of their data in the present format (hiding personal data and pictures).

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