Zhang, Hongrui
Li, Xiaoyang
Liu, Yichen
Liang, Zhuoshuai
Li, Ruofei
Gao, Wenhui
Wang, Bo
Zhang, Yuchen
Tian, Yuyang
Hu, Xinmeng
Jin, Huizhen
Qiu, Shuang
Li, Yong
Gu, Yulu
Liu, Siyu
Liu, Yunkai
Cheng, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7352-3641
Shi, Jikang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4443-7445
Liu, Yawen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2859-4771
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82373666)
Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province (20210101464JC)
the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation
Article History
Received: 10 April 2025
Revised: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval for this study was not required because the analyses were conducted using publicly accessible summary-level data. The ethical review, including informed consent procedures for all participants, was comprehensively addressed within the original studies from which the summary data were derived.