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Authors
zhu, Baozhen https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3326-7172
Wu, Peng
He, Zefeng
Ma, Juan
Yan, Ning
Ma, Yuru
Yan, Ru
Ma, Tianshui
Ma, Rongbin
Cong, Guangzhi
Jia, Shaobin
Ma, Xueping
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Article History
Received: 26 July 2025
Revised: 2 October 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approved by the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Ethics Committee (No. KYLL-2024-0088), with waiver for informed consent per retrospective design.
